Mini excavators are so many different things to so many different buyers that the industry can’t agree on the size range that defines “mini.” Miraculously, diverse buying influences have unanimously brought about just two product-development trends. (See bottom of this page for specifications chart.) First, sophisticated hydraulic and control systems designed to make full-sized excavators more productive and efficient keep finding their way into 6-metric-ton (13,200-pound) and smaller machines—what has traditionally been thought of as mini excavators.

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Reflexively, features invented for mini excavators such as minimum swing radius and swing booms keep showing up on machines bigger than 6 metric tons. It helps to remember that outside North America, for the most part, mini excavators replace skid steer loaders and backhoe loaders. Silent hunter 3 merchant fleet models. Product development (by mostly off-shore manufacturers) tends to be geared toward a user who is more likely to move a lot of material most days with the mini rather than renting one occasionally to dig a hole they can’t reach with larger excavators or backhoes. Transportation is more limited in most of the rest of the world, too, as 350-plus-horsepower pickup trucks are pretty much a North American phenomenon. So world mini excavator users want their 2- or 3-metric-ton minis to have some of the productivity enhancers seen on full-size machines. Kubota, for example, uses variable-displacement pumps and increased pump capacity on its 3,800-pound (1.7 metric tons) U17 to boost productivity on the newest version of this model with 39-inch track width.

Controls can be switched from ISO to SAE patterns—allowing the operator to use either hand to control the bucket or dipper—by throwing a pattern-selector lever. Use of pilot hydraulic circuits has made the control-pattern selector a pretty common convenience on mini excavators. Pilot hydraulics relay the operator’s control inputs through a lower-pressure hydraulic circuit to the valve operating under full system pressure.

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Operators can use a softer touch to control the machine, and joysticks can be shifted around with the seat or armrest for a custom fit to the operator’s preferred seat position. Other control refinements include moving the swing-boom and auxiliary-hydraulic controls off the operating-station floor. Bobcat’s M-Series machines, for example, position a swing-boom rocker switch in a joystick under the operator’s thumb. Joystick-mounted buttons or triggers are becoming common proportional controls for auxiliary hydraulics. Bobcat M-Series machines, currently ranging from 7,000 to 19,000 pounds, employ cushioned boom, stick and bucket cylinders for smoother stops at the end of stroke.